Archive for November, 2009

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Output 101 : BGP AFI/SAFI

November 26, 2009

When BGP peers set up their session between them, they send an OPEN message containing optional parameters.

One optional parameter is capabilities. Possible capabilities are Multiprotocol extensions, route refresh, outbound route filtering (ORF), and so on. When the BGP peers exchange the Multiprotocol extension capability, they exchange AFI and SAFI numbers and thus identify what the other BGP speaker is capable of.

IPv6 in BGP is implementated via Multi-Protocol BGP (MPBGP) (RFC 2283), as is MPLS and VPN’s through two new attributes: MP_UNREACH_NLRI and MP_REACH_NLRI. The first two values in these two attributes contain the Address Family Identifier (AFI) and the Subsequent Address Family Identifier (SAFI).

AFI Meaning
1 IPv4
2 IPv6 
.
SAFI Meaning
1 Unicast
2 Multicast
3 Unicast and multicast
4 MPLS Label
128 MPLS-labeled VPN

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CCIE Flyer

November 19, 2009

I really enjoy meeting and discovering the people who helped build, engineer and nurture the industry I love so much. Also, those key individuals that have seen and helped the networking industry to grow to the colossal size it is today. I admire these individuals as they give me perspective on my achievements and more importantly, motivate me to follow in their steps. This is why the CCIE was my first stop.

Emmanuel Conde (aka Eman) from CCIE Flyer, has been involved in IT since before networking and the CCIE program came about. Eman is very well-known by those people who matter in the Networking Realm.

During his travels he has met some of the most influential individuals, who I would like to meet one day. From Scott Morris to Terry Slatery to Darby Weaver, they all know Eman and talk highly of him. He is also the only CCIE recruiter promoted by Cisco Systems. But what is so incredible about Eman, is that he tirelessly devotes most of his time to developing Cisco talent, and placing CCIE  candidates from all over the world in their deserving jobs. His believe and support in the networking industry is truly inspiring.

So what? Why the fuss? Well Eman, is the man who knows the trades and trends, I think better than most.  Eman has a publication that reaches thousands of people every month, called the CCIE Flyer. It contains the latest news and happenings regarding CISCO, the CCIE Program and other general Networking stuff. I read through most of the content, which is really appetising.

Feel free to visit Eman’s site and subscribe to it:)

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Huge Congrats to James Yeo – 11676

November 11, 2009

A good friend of mine has just passed his 3rd CCIE, and to my knowledge, this makes him the ONLY tripple CCIE in South-Africa.

He was one of the first security CCIE in Africa in 2003, and now James has earned himself the elite position of being 1 of 390 people in the world… holding 3 CCIE’s.

jamesHuge congratulations and well done!!!

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HexBinDec Conversion

November 10, 2009

I often see guys still using windows calculator to do Hex 2 Binary 2 Decimal conversions for Port numbers, Protocol numbers, DSCP values etc…

I have been using a small utility for years and have not yet come across a better one.
It was written by Live Bat Programming Group,  I can’t find an official website only an email address : dagus2@geocities.com (not sure if it is still valid).

It is called HEXBINDEC (descriptive I know):

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Searching for something?

November 9, 2009

Everybody knows how to use the include|begin|exclude search operators (I hope so at least), but you can also search through config with the “/” operator. You can use this with almost any SHOW command that is more than one page long. Although similar to linux and useful it is only half  as good.

I use this mostly when I want to see the configuration following a specific search string bound to show up multiple times from the SHOW command.

Example:  Show the running-config, and one the first page break, hit the forward slash “/”. Now enter the string you looking for:
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CPU and Memory Thresholding

November 2, 2009

It is never nice when devices on a network go belly-up, but to know why or what happened right before they went belly-up, is crucial.

By enabling CPU and Memory thresholding, you can be sure to get those vital notifications when it happen allowing you to respond a lot quicker.

When a router is overloaded by processes, the amount of available memory might fall to levels insufficient for it to issue critical notifications, so the first step is to reserve some memory:
memory reserve critical {kilobytes}

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